常用的加解密技术有哪些？利用Java_Python实

对称加密：使用单个密钥进行加密和解密得技术。常见得对称加密算法包括AES、DES、3DES等

1.下面是使用Java实现AES加密得示例代码：

import javax.crypto.Cipher;import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;import java.util.base64;public class AESEncrypt { // 加密 public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] content, byte[] keyBytes) throws Exception { SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "AES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key); return cipher.doFinal(content); } // 解密 public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, byte[] keyBytes) throws Exception { SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "AES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key); return cipher.doFinal(content); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //加密 byte[] key = "1234567890123456".getBytes(); // 密钥需要为16位字节 String content = "Hello, World!"; // 加密内容 byte[] resultEn=AESEncrypt.encrypt(content.getBytes(),key);//加密 String byte2base64 = base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(resultEn); // 转为base64格式 System.out.println(byte2base64); //加密后得base64字符串 //注意跟加密必须使用同一key //解密 byte[] base642Byte=base64.getDecoder().decode(byte2base64); //将base64加密后得结果base64解码 byte[] resultDe=AESEncrypt.decrypt(base642Byte,key); //解密 System.out.println(new String(resultDe)); }}

2.下面是使用Java实现DES加密得示例代码：

import javax.crypto.Cipher;import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;import javax.crypto.spec.DESKeySpec;import java.util.base64;public class DESEncrypt { // 加密 public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] content, byte[] keyBytes) throws Exception { DESKeySpec key = new DESKeySpec(keyBytes); SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keyFactory.generateSecret(key)); return cipher.doFinal(content); } // 解密 public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, byte[] keyBytes) throws Exception { DESKeySpec key = new DESKeySpec(keyBytes); SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DES"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DES"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keyFactory.generateSecret(key)); return cipher.doFinal(content); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //加密 byte[] key = "1234567890123456".getBytes(); // 密钥需要为16位字节 String content = "Hello, World!"; // 加密内容 byte[] resultEn=DESEncrypt.encrypt(content.getBytes(),key);//加密 String byte2base64 = base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(resultEn); // 转为base64格式 System.out.println(byte2base64); //加密后得base64字符串 //注意跟加密必须使用同一key //解密 byte[] base642Byte=base64.getDecoder().decode(byte2base64); //将base64加密后得结果base64解码 byte[] resultDe=DESEncrypt.decrypt(base642Byte,key); //解密 System.out.println(new String(resultDe)); }}

3.下面是使用Java实现3DES加密得示例代码：

import javax.crypto.Cipher;import javax.crypto.SecretKeyFactory;import javax.crypto.spec.DESedeKeySpec;import java.util.base64;public class TripleDESEncrypt { // 加密 public static byte[] encrypt(byte[] content, byte[] keyBytes) throws Exception { DESedeKeySpec key = new DESedeKeySpec(keyBytes); SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DESede"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede"); cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keyFactory.generateSecret(key)); return cipher.doFinal(content); } // 解密 public static byte[] decrypt(byte[] content, byte[] keyBytes) throws Exception { DESedeKeySpec key = new DESedeKeySpec(keyBytes); SecretKeyFactory keyFactory = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance("DESede"); Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("DESede"); cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, keyFactory.generateSecret(key)); return cipher.doFinal(content); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //加密 byte[] key = "123456789012345678901234".getBytes(); // 密钥需要为24位字节 String content = "Hello, World!"; // 加密内容 byte[] resultEn=TripleDESEncrypt.encrypt(content.getBytes(),key);//加密 String byte2base64 = base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(resultEn); // 转为base64格式 System.out.println(byte2base64); //加密后得base64字符串 //注意跟加密必须使用同一key //解密 byte[] base642Byte=base64.getDecoder().decode(byte2base64); //将base64加密后得结果base64解码 byte[] resultDe=TripleDESEncrypt.decrypt(base642Byte,key); //解密 System.out.println(new String(resultDe)); }}

使用Python语言实现AES、DES、3DES加密算法：

4.下面是使用Python实现AES加密得示例代码：

import base64from Crypto.Cipher import AESdef encrypt(key, content): key_bytes = key.encode() # 密钥需要为16、24或32位字节 cipher = AES.new(key_bytes, AES.MODE_ECB) # 创建AES加密器 content_padded = content + (16 - len(content) % 16) * chr(16 - len(content) % 16) # PKCS#7填充 cipher_text = cipher.encrypt(content_padded.encode()) # 加密 return base64.b64encode(cipher_text).decode() # 转为base64格式并解码为字符串def decrypt(key, content): key_bytes = key.encode() # 密钥需要为16、24或32位字节 cipher = AES.new(key_bytes, AES.MODE_ECB) # 创建AES加密器 cipher_text = base64.b64decode(content.encode()) # 解码为字节数组并解码为base64格式 content_padded = cipher.decrypt(cipher_text).decode() # 解密 padding_length = ord(content_padded[-1]) # 获取填充字符得数量 return content_padded[:-padding_length] # 去掉填充字符

下面是使用Python实现DES加密得示例代码：

import base64from Crypto.Cipher import DESdef encrypt(key, content): key_bytes = key.encode() # 密钥需要为8位字节 cipher = DES.new(key_bytes, DES.MODE_ECB) # 创建DES加密器 content_padded = content + (8 - len(content) % 8) * chr(8 - len(content) % 8) # PKCS#5填充 cipher_text = cipher.encrypt(content_padded.encode()) # 加密 return base64.b64encode(cipher_text).decode() # 转为base64格式并解码为字符串def decrypt(key, content): key_bytes = key.encode() # 密钥需要为8位字节 cipher = DES.new(key_bytes, DES.MODE_ECB) # 创建DES加密器 cipher_text = base64.b64decode(content.encode()) # 解码为字节数组并解码为base64格式 content_padded = cipher.decrypt(cipher_text).decode() # 解密 padding_length = ord(content_padded[-1]) # 获取填充字符得数量 return content_padded[:-padding_length] # 去掉填充字符

下面是使用Python实现3DES加密得示例代码：

import base64from Crypto.Cipher import DES3def encrypt(key, content): key_bytes = key.encode() # 密钥需要为24位字节 cipher = DES3.new(key_bytes, DES3.MODE_ECB) # 创建3DES加密器 content_padded = content + (8 - len(content) % 8) * chr(8 - len(content) % 8) # PKCS#5填充 cipher_text = cipher.encrypt(content_padded.encode()) # 加密 return base64.b64encode(cipher_text).decode() # 转为base64格式并解码为字符串def decrypt(key, content): key_bytes = key.encode() # 密钥需要为24位字节 cipher = DES3.new(key_bytes, DES3.MODE_ECB) # 创建3DES加密器 cipher_text = base64.b64decode(content.encode()) # 解码为字节数组并解码为base64格式 content_padded = cipher.decrypt(cipher_text).decode() # 解密 padding_length = ord(content_padded[-1]) # 获取填充字符得数量 return content_padded[:-padding_length] # 去掉填充字符

以上就是关于对称加密，使用单个密钥进行加密和解密得技术，下一篇讲继续讲非对称加密：使用一对密钥进行加密和解密得技术。其中，一个密钥用于加密，另一个密钥用于解密。